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We have a wide range of wireless PCBs that can be applied for various wireless devices like tablets, cellphones, laptops, remote controllers, and many more. 

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Wireless PCB: The Ultimate FAQ Guide

In the industry of electrical, a Printed Circuit Board is one of the important elements of electronics. Bluetooth or Wireless PCB is one of them. You will find a wireless PCB inside your smartphone or other wireless devices. Today, we are going to explore the facts and the technology of wireless devices here.

You might have a lot of questions about wireless technology or wireless PCBs. We will answer several questions in this FAQ guide about wireless PCB, and Bluetooth technology. Stay tuned, and let’s discover the technology.

What Is A Wireless PCB?

PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board. It is a thin board that is made of composite epoxy, fiberglass, copper, or other laminated material with a single layer or multilayers. A PCB mechanically supports and connects electrically electronic devices using conductive pads and tracks onto sheets’ layers.

On the other hand, Bluetooth is wireless short-range communication technology. It uses radio or wireless signal, or frequency to share data over a short distance among electronic devices. There is no need for wires for Bluetooth devices.

Bluetooth Wireless PCB

So, what is the summation here for wireless PCB? A wireless PCB is a PCB that using Bluetooth technology, and provides connection or communication facilities over devices wirelessly in a short distance.

You will see many devices like mobile phones, wireless headphones, wireless speakers, computers, and so many other devices that use wireless PCB on them with Bluetooth technology.

What Is The Principle Of Wireless PCB?

The simple principle of a wireless (Bluetooth signal) PCB is simple. There is an antenna located on the PCB. This antenna receives signals sent by another Bluetooth device. After being processed inside the circuit,  the message or signal is sent to the output devices.

For different applications of the devices, there are assorted Bluetooth profiles are using for facilitating the communications between various devices. For example, the Audio-Video Remote Control Profile is used to communicate audio/video devices. Basic Imaging Profile is used for sending images from certain devices to other devices.

What Are The Components Used In Wireless PCB?

To design a wireless circuit, the main components you need are,

• Cypress Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Microcontroller ( U1, CYBL10161-56LQXI)
• Microcontroller crystal (X1, NX2520SA-24.000000MHZ)- 24MHz
• Microcontroller crystal (X2, ABS06-32.768KHZ-9-T)- 32.768kHz
• Bluetooth chip antenna (ANT, W3008)
• Ceramic capacitors (GRM188R61C105KA93D, CC0603KRX7R7BB104, GRM1555C1H360JA01D, CBR04C180F5GAC, GRM1555C1H101JA01D, CC0603KRX7R9BB103, GRM1555C1H1R2CA01D, GJM1555C1H1R5BB01D)
• P-channel MOSFET (AO7401)
• Ferrite bead ( BLM18AG102SN1D)
• Inductor (L-07C6N8JV6T)
• Resistor (RC0603JR-0710KL)
• Programming connector (22232051)
• InvenSense 9-axis motion sensor ( MPU-9250)
• Texas Instruments humidity/temperature sensor (HDC1080)

CYBL10161-56LQXI BLE Microcontroller

Besides these, a wireless PCB contains a minimum of two inductors that fine-tune the antenna’s power to receive and send the signals. The PCB module has four Input/Output pins, which are “Enabled”, “The State”, “Communication”, and “The Power Supply Option”.

You will also find multiple diodes, resistors, and capacitors. Also, you will find other components such as voltage regulators, chips, and crystal-based clocks. The wireless PCB needs special attention while placing the antennae for the proper functions.

How to Design A Wireless PCB?

The BLE is designed for different devices which need the constant transmission of comparatively small bundles of data. Most Android devices and IOS devices support BLE respectively 4.3 and above, and 4s+ and above. Bluetooth wireless devices support a radio frequency of 2.4GHz band.

The main components for designing a Bluetooth circuit are BLE (CYBL10161-56LQXI), motion sensor (MPU-9250), temperature sensor (HDC1080). The wireless system is powered by a 3.7V lithium-polymer battery.

Two oscillators (24MHz ECO, and 32.768kHz WCO) are used by BLE. The BLE (Cypress microcontroller) includes tunable and internal load capacitors for 24 MHz microcontroller crystal. For most of the microcontrollers, the 24MHz crystal doesn’t need any external load capacitor.

There is programming for BLE with SWD- Serial Wire Debug. All power pins for each IC have a bypass capacitor and a recommended value from the datasheet. BLM18AG102SN1D provides some noise isolation between analog and digital and U1.

For uninterrupted and stable voltage, the power supply capacitor must be placed near the power supply pins to each IC. Usually, the designers of circuits place a 1.0μF or bigger capacitor parallel with a  0.01μF, or 0.1μF capacitor to gain low impedance through a frequency of wideband.

The instrument humidity sensor (temperature sensor) is a digital sensor that is connected with the controller through an interface of I2C. This sensor is capable of measuring temperatures of -20°C to 70°C. The motion sensor includes a magnetometer, gyroscope,  and accelerometer that have a 3-axis each,  that detects the movement of the device.

Another most essential component is the antenna. You will find two types of antennae. Trace antenna is designed with the PCB itself, and the chip antenna is a simplified small antenna that is designed separately. All heat-sensitive components should be placed far from the heated area of the PCB.

What Are The Types Of Applications For Wireless PCB?

In this modern era, most of the devices we use are Bluetooth-enabled (containing wireless PCB) that use Bluetooth radio frequencies. Let’s go through some regular applications of wireless PCB.

Wireless Headset, and Earphone

Probably you are using a wireless headset or earphone for the daily purposes of your life. Maybe you are listening to something from your audio devices (phone, computer, tablet, etc.) over a wireless headset, earphone.

Wireless Headset

Most of the Bluetooth earphones and headsets are using wireless PCBc with Bluetooth radio frequencies to communicate with other devices.

See here what is inside the wireless earbuds:

Wireless Bluetooth Speaker

Bluetooth speakers are one of the most used Bluetooth technologies. The Bluetooth speakers have in-built Bluetooth circuits on the main circuit boards inside the speakers which sync the signals between the speaker and your Bluetooth-enabled smart devices like phones, computers, etc.

Bluetooth-enable Wireless Speaker

Wireless Keyboard and Mouse

A large number of keyboards and computer mice that are wireless are using Bluetooth-enabled PCB inside them to connect with computers or other devices.

Wireless Keyboard and Mouse

Transferring Files

When we are transferring files from our smart devices to other devices, do we think about what is working behind the scenes? Yes, a Bluetooth radio frequency is working inside our devices in the wireless PCB.

Printing

Using Basic Printing Profile, printing devices get connected with computers, smart android devices, IOS devices to print any type of printing job.

Wireless Printer

Besides them, there are many different Bluetooth profiles available that are used for different purposes. They are,

• CTP- Cordless Telephony Profile
• DIP- Device ID Profile
• FAX- Fax Profile
• FTP- File Transfer Profile
• DUN- Dial Up Network Profile
• HDP- Health Device Profile etc.

What Are The Manufacturing Processes of Wireless PCB?

For starting the process of manufacturing a wireless PCB, you have to start by drawing a schematic diagram of the circuit board. For this, you might need to use computerized software.

After designing and drawing the schematic diagram successfully, you are got to go for the next movement. If you have generated the perfect schematic diagram, now you can place the required components for manufacturing the wireless PCB.

Schematic Diagram

Now you have to choose the layer for your circuit board. So, either multiplayer or single layer, one will be needed to choose. Designing the PCB layer is the most emulated part of the PCB. The manufacturing company will do the task for you as per your requirement. Then, they will manufacture the board.

After manufacturing the circuit board, all components will be placed by following the line that you have in the schematic diagram. The right schematic diagram is the precondition for successful PCB manufacturing.

Now is the time for soldering. During the soldering, extra care and attention are needed. Overheating might cause damage to the PCB or other components. Also, the vital components should not be placed beside the heating part of the board.

So, the soldering part is the crucial part of the manufacturing and assembling. If you can place the right components in the right place, the next move will be easy. So, place the components in the right place, and solder them. The melting solder connects the components permanently in the boards.

An automated soldering process is used for most of the components to connect with the board. The parts you can not mount by machine, then you have to do the rest manually.

After successfully manufacturing the wireless PCB, you have to pass them through the QC  department. Getting a faultless QC report, your wireless PCB is ready to launch for real-life performance.

What Is A Wireless Speaker Circuit Board?

Every day you may play sound on your wireless Bluetooth speaker.  The Bluetooth speaker works with the same basic principle of Bluetooth for connecting the audio devices or your smartphones. The wireless Bluetooth speaker is one of the most vital parts of the main or custom PCB.

The Bluetooth circuit board of your wireless speaker is found inside the speaker. The speaker is placed on the main PCB of the speaker, and the main PCB controls all the functionality of the wireless PCB (Bluetooth).

Wireless Speaker circuit Board

If you open the wireless speaker,  you will find the wireless PCB inside there. On the back of the wireless PCB, you will find a microphone, play control button, and volume adjustment buttons along with a battery, small speaker, battery, secondary circuit board that provides USB power supply, LEDs, and power button.

The Bluetooth board has an integrated circuit that handles the board’s Bluetooth system. The integrated circuit is used for any type of wireless audio component. The Bluetooth module that is inside the board, supports various functions like Bluetooth 4.0, and others. The module is paired with EEPROM that has a frequency of 128 Kbit.

One of the most significant components of the Bluetooth speaker is the antenna. The antenna receives and sends signals to other devices using the antenna from the circuit board.

What Is A Wireless Transmitter Circuit Board?

A wireless or Bluetooth circuit board is a board that receives and sends signals. When you listen to sound on your wireless speaker from your phone or computer or tablet, it receives the audio data from the devices.

The transmitter PCB covers the signal for you from various devices, and it is powered by a recyclable battery with a charging system to power up the signals.

There are three significant components on a Bluetooth transmitter circuit board: sensor data, wireless transmission, and regulated voltage. The sensor data is the radio signals that flow among Bluetooth circuits and devices with the value of 1, 2, 3, or 4 with the dependency on the sensor which hits and consequently travels the wireless transmitter.

Wireless Transmitter Circuit Board

Many of the devices use a lithium-ion battery for the extension of the power supply. This can gove another extra 10 hours of backup as well. A little circuit board inside the battery cell ensures the barrier for overcharging and over-discharging.

The Bluetooth transmitter of the wireless PCB also establishes the connections among the devices with the wireless PCB. An LED PCB indicator will show up the state of the connections of the wireless PCB.

The Bluetooth device also contains a battery charging option, audio amplification, voltage regulation, and Bluetooth. Bluetooth transmitter also comes with the options of volume control, and play buttons for reliable control.

What Is A Wireless Bluetooth Receiver Circuit Board?

A Bluetooth receiver circuit is placed inside the main circuit board that controls all the functions. A Bluetooth receiver circuit board receives the signals from Bluetooth-enabled devices and transmits them to the other device for the output. Like, your Bluetooth wireless speaker receives signals from your smart devices and gives the output as music or sounds.

A wireless Bluetooth receiver circuit board comes with a rechargeable lithium-ion battery. Like the wireless Bluetooth transmitter PCB, there is an independent small circuit board inside the battery too. It operates the same operations as well as the transmitter circuit board.

Wireless Bluetooth Receiver Circuit Board

The Bluetooth or wireless PCB receiver circuit board also comes with an antenna that receives the signals for the board from the other Bluetooth-enabled devices. It also comes with an integrated circuit that is made for the wireless system. Some of the circuit boards have a USB charging advantage for the battery for a long battery time.

Let’s watch out how to build a wireless Bluetooth audio receiver PCB:

What Is The Maximum Communication Range Of The Wireless PCB Connection?

The range of a wireless PCB (Bluetooth technology) depends on some different entities. They are radio signal performance, antenna, and the surroundings. Many other factors impact the range of Bluetooth communication such as,

• Power and sensitivity of the transmitter and receiver
• Physical obstacles in the surroundings
• The antennae

Considering the facts, Bluetooth communication can connect devices between up to thirty feet ( ten meters). The range can be varied along with the different Bluetooth technology.

What Is The Maximum Number Of Bluetooth Wireless Devices That Can Be Paired?

Technically, the number of Bluetooth connections depends on every device’s available MAC address availability, and link key. In a Piconet, one master device can actively communicate with up to seven devices. On a contrary, a total of 255 devices can be connected with the Piconet at a time, but inactively (Parked).

Making Piconet is not always the goal, most of the time there are two devices connected. In this case, for example, a connection between a wireless speaker and phone, or two phones for transferring files, the connection uses a full 48-bit MAC address.

Another way to connect many devices at a time is the Scatternet, which is a type of ad hoc computer network that makes two or more than two Piconet at a time. But this has limitations due to the MAC address and Bluetooth protocol.

What Is The Main Distinction Between A Wireless Transmitter And A Wireless Receiver?

We already discussed the wireless transmitter and receiver in previous sections. So, what is the actual difference between these two?

Wireless Transmitter

You can use a Bluetooth transmitter to connect a no-Bluetooth device to a Bluetooth-enabled device to get the output. For example, suppose you have a TV that has no Bluetooth compatibility.  You can connect a Bluetooth transmitter to your TV. Then connect your Bluetooth-enabled headphone to the transmitter. Now the sound of the TV will be transmitted only to your headphones.

Like this, you can connect your computer or smartphone, or other Bluetooth-enabled devices with non-Bluetooth devices using the transmitter in the non-Bluetooth devices.

Wireless Receiver.

The Bluetooth receiver does the opposite of the Bluetooth transmitter. In this case, you can enable the signal receiving feature to the non-Bluetooth devices using the wireless receiver on them.

For example, you have a speaker, or printer that has no Bluetooth. You can add a Bluetooth receiver to them and get the wireless signals from other Bluetooth-enabled devices. Bluetooth-enabled devices like computers, phones, or others will send the signals to the receiver on the speaker, or the printer, and you will get the output from them.

What Are The Wireless PCB Component Protocols?

Any wireless or Bluetooth solution technology consists of four major departments of protocols. They are,

1. Antenna/RF component
2. Bluetooth hardware and firmware (link controller and baseband)
3. Bluetooth Software protocol stack
4. Bluetooth application protocol

Antenna/RF Component

Antenna and RF need to get special care because it performs one of the main tasks in the wireless PCB. The antenna design with the board is too tough. An in-built antenna in the board design requires a special design to perform its task.

Bluetooth Radio and Baseband

Bluetooth radio is the signal transceiver hardware that implements the radio signal specification The radio signal provides compatibility with the 2.4 GHz ISM band. On a contrary, the baseband consists of a Link Controller (LC). It carries out the low-layer link routines with baseband protocol.

Bluetooth or Wireless Software Protocol Stack

Wireless software protocol stack can be considered as the driver code. This protocol allows the Bluetooth-enabled device to send and receive signals from the Bluetooth module inside them.

The major components of the Software Protocol are the Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP), Link Manager (LM), Audio/Telephony Control, Human Interface Device (HID),  the Service Discovery Protocol (SDP), the Host Control Interface (HCI), and other high-level protocols.

Bluetooth Application Protocol

The Bluetooth application protocol includes application profiles that allow the users of the wireless PCB to connect the devices using the Bluetooth radio signals.

What To Consider While Designing The Wireless PCB?

When you are designing a wireless PCB, there are various facts that you should consider before doing the design completion. Because the performance is directly related to many things that might be carefully selected before the design. Let’s see some considerable facts for designing an appropriate wireless PCB.

Use a Certified Bluetooth Module

Like you are incorporating Bluetooth technology in a PCB, and you have less time and limitation of resources, then use a certified Bluetooth module in your PCB. It might be a little more costly, but it will save your time and accelerate the development process. It also solves the antenna placement issue. There are several certified modules like RN4020, RN4870, BT121, BGM113, etc.

RN4020 Bluetooth Module

Be Wise While Selecting the Bluetooth Device

Choose the appropriate Bluetooth device which has no complexity implementing the antenna. Check that antenna is appropriately sized with the selected Bluetooth module.

Bluetooth Chip Antenna

If you need a simple application requirement with low power fetching for a short range of connectivities like wireless speakers, headsets, printers, TV, etc, the low power Bluetooth Low Energy could be enough to use, which is cost-effective with minimal features availability.

Keep Separating Copper Signal and Sensitive Components

Keep your antenna of the Bluetooth circuit or other sensitive components from the copper signal area or other energy-containing areas. Because those may interrupt the antenna signals.

Power Supply

Make sure the power supplying paths are clean on the PCB. Use bypass or decoupling capacitors in need. Also, use ferrite beads to remove high-frequency noise.

Proper Tools Availability

When you are designing the antenna, make sure you have the network analyzing tool to tune and match the network with the antenna.

Surrounding Obstruction Consideration

There might be many things that can interrupt the connections between the Bluetooth devices. These might be water, human, metal objects, or devices that are being operated in the same ISM band. It might cause signal loss even between a low distance like 1-2 meters.

In this case, use a higher power device to design the circuit for flawless signals. Or, apart from the things that can cause signal loss or interruptions.

What Are The Advantages Of Wireless PCB Technology?

There are many significant advantages of Bluetooth-enabled wireless PCBs.

• Consumes lower power
• Easy upgrade advantages
• Avoids interference from other wireless devices
• Higher range than infrared
• Cost-effective
• No wire or cable requires
• Free using facilities if the Bluetooth is installed inside the devices
• Can use for wireless voice or data transfer

For the numerous advantages, hundreds of products adopted the Bluetooth wireless technology on them such as car systems, headsets, speakers, printers, TV, webcam, keyboard, mouse, GPS, and so on.

What Are The Disadvantages Of Wireless PCB Technology?

There are also some drawbacks, which are not noticeable considering the advantages.

• Connections might be lost occasionally because of certain conditions
• Has low bandwidth compared to the wifi network
• Short-range communication
• Low security

Conclusion

Hope this FAQ guide will drive you to the path that you need all about wireless PCB. We covered several basic and technical question answers about the wireless PCB here.

Bluetooth technology is used for certain solutions. So, the certain disadvantages that exist are not noticeable compared to its use. Ultimately, Bluetooth-enabled wireless PCB is one of the most essential boards in the electronic industry.

PCBMay is your one-stop leading wireless PCB manufacturer that manufactures high-quality PCBs with very cost-effectiveness. If you are thinking of manufacturing wireless PCBs, you are cordially asked to contact us. We are here to fulfill your needs.